802.11a/b/g/n/ac Kuvandudza uye kusiyanisa

802.11a/b/g/n/ac Kuvandudza uye Kusiyanisa
Kubva pakatanga kuburitswa kweWi Fi kune vatengi muna 1997, chiyero cheWi Fi chave kugara chichishanduka, kazhinji chichiwedzera kumhanya uye kuwedzera kufukidzwa.Sezvo mabasa akawedzerwa kune yekutanga IEEE 802.11 chiyero, iwo akagadziridzwa kuburikidza nekugadziriswa kwayo (802.11b, 802.11g, nezvimwewo)

802.11b 2.4GHz
802.11b inoshandisa yakafanana 2.4 GHz frequency seyekutanga 802.11 standard.Inotsigira hupamhi hwetioretical kumhanya kwe11 Mbps uye huwandu hunosvika 150 tsoka.802.11b zvikamu zvakachipa, asi chiyero ichi chine kukurumidza uye kunonoka pakati pese 802.11 zviyero.Uye nekuda kwe802.11b inoshanda pa2.4 GHz, midziyo yemumba kana mamwe 2.4 GHz Wi Fi network inogona kukonzera kukanganisa.

802.11a 5GHz OFDM
Iyo yakadzokororwa vhezheni "a" yeiyi chiyero inoburitswa panguva imwe chete ne802.11b.Inosuma tekinoroji yakaoma inodaidzwa kuti OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) yekugadzira masaini asina waya.802.11a inopa mamwe mabhenefiti pamusoro pe802.11b: inoshanda mune isinganyanyi kuzara 5 GHz frequency bhendi uye saka haitani kukanganiswa.Uye bandwidth yayo yakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura 802.11b, ine theoretical maximum ye54 Mbps.
Iwe unogona kunge usina kusangana nemidziyo yakawanda ye802.11a kana ma routers.Izvi zvinodaro nekuti 802.11b zvishandiso zvakachipa uye zvichiwedzera kufarirwa mumusika wevatengi.802.11a inonyanya kushandiswa kune bhizinesi zvikumbiro.

802.11g 2.4GHz OFDM
Iyo 802.11g chiyero inoshandisa tekinoroji yeOFDM yakafanana ne802.11a.Kufanana ne802.11a, inotsigira chiyero chepamusoro che 54 Mbps.Nekudaro, se802.11b, inoshanda mune yakabatikana 2.4 GHz frequency (uye nekudaro inotambura nenyaya dzakafanana dzekupindira se802.11b).802.11g iri kumashure inoenderana ne802.11b zvishandiso: 802.11b zvishandiso zvinogona kubatana ne802.11g nzvimbo dzekuwana (asi pa802.11b kumhanya).
Ne 802.11g, vatengi vafambira mberi zvakanyanya mukumhanya kweWi Fi uye kuvharika.Zvichakadaro, zvichienzaniswa nezvizvarwa zvakapfuura zvezvigadzirwa, vatengi vasina waya routers vari kuita zvirinani uye zvirinani, vaine simba repamusoro uye kufukidzwa kuri nani.

802.11n (Wi Fi 4) 2.4/5GHz MIMO
Neiyo 802.11n chiyero, Wi Fi yave nekukurumidza uye yakavimbika zvakanyanya.Iyo inotsigira yakakura theoretical transmission rate ye300 Mbps (kusvika 450 Mbps kana uchishandisa matatu antennas).802.11n inoshandisa MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output), uko akawanda matransmitter/anogamuchira anoshanda panguva imwe chete kune imwe kana ese magumo e chinongedzo.Izvi zvinogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya data pasina kuda yakakwira bandwidth kana simba rekutumira.802.11n inogona kushanda mu2.4 GHz uye 5 GHz frequency band.

802.11ac (Wi Fi 5) 5GHz MU-MIMO
802.11ac inosimudzira Wi Fi, ine kumhanya kubva ku433 Mbps kusvika kune akati wandei gigabits pasekondi.Kuti uwane kuita uku, 802.11ac inoshanda chete mu5 GHz frequency bhendi, inotsigira kusvika masere spatial hova (ichienzaniswa nehova ina dze802.11n), inopeta upamhi hwechiteshi kusvika 80 MHz, uye inoshandisa tekinoroji inonzi beamforming.Nekupenya, antennas anogona kufambisa masaini eredhiyo, saka anonongedza kumidziyo chaiyo.

Imwe budiriro yakakosha ye802.11ac ndeye Multi Mushandisi (MU-MIMO).Kunyangwe MIMO ichitungamira nzizi dzakawanda kune mumwe mutengi, MU-MIMO inogona panguva imwe chete kutungamira nzizi dzepakati kune vakawanda vatengi.Kunyangwe MU-MIMO isingawedzere kumhanya kwechero mutengi wega, inogona kuvandudza iyo yakazara data kuburikidza netiweki yese.
Sezvauri kuona, kuita kweWi Fi kunoramba kuchishanduka, nekumhanya kungangoita uye kuita kunosvika kumhanyisa kwewaya

802.11ax Wi Fi 6
Muna 2018, iyo WiFi Alliance yakatora matanho ekuita kuti mazita eWiFi akajairwa ave nyore kuziva nekunzwisisa.Ivo vanozoshandura iri kuuya 802.11ax chiyero kuWiFi6

Wi Fi 6, 6 iripi?
Iwo akati wandei ekuita zviratidzo zveWi Fi anosanganisira kutapurirana kureba, mwero wekutapurirana, network network, uye hupenyu hwebhatiri.Nekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji uye nguva, zvinodiwa nevanhu zvekumhanya uye bandwidth zviri kuramba zvichikwira.
Pane akatevedzana matambudziko mutsika Wi Fi yekubatanidza, akadai network congestion, kuvharika kudiki, uye kudiwa kwekugara uchichinja maSSID.
Asi Wi Fi 6 ichaunza shanduko nyowani: inokwidziridza mashandisiro emagetsi uye kugona kuvhara kwemidziyo, inotsigira mushandisi wepamusoro-kumhanya concurrency, uye inogona kuratidza kuita zvirinani mumamiriro ekushandisa zvakanyanya, uku ichiunza kureba kwekutapurirana madaro uye yakakwirira kutapurirana mitengo.
Pakazara, zvichienzaniswa nevakatangira, mukana weWi Fi 6 "uviri hwakakwirira uye huviri hwakaderera":
Kumhanya kwepamusoro: Nekuda kwekutanga matekinoroji akadai seuplink MU-MIMO, 1024QAM modulation, uye 8 * 8MIMO, iyo yakanyanya kumhanya yeWi Fi 6 inogona kusvika 9.6Gbps, iyo inonzi yakafanana nesitiroko kumhanya.
Kupinda kwepamusoro: Iyo inonyanya kukosha yekuvandudza yeWi Fi 6 ndeyekudzikisa kuungana uye kubvumira mamwe madivayiri kuti abatanidze kune network.Parizvino, Wi Fi 5 inogona kutaurirana nemidziyo ina panguva imwe chete, nepo Wi Fi 6 ichibvumira kutaurirana neanosvika akawanda emidziyo panguva imwe chete.Wi Fi 6 inoshandisawo OFDMA (Orthogonal frequency-division multiple access) uye multi-channel signal beamforming technologies inotorwa kubva ku5G kuvandudza Spectral kunyatsoshanda uye network network zvichiteerana.
Kunonoka kunonoka: Nekushandisa matekinoroji akadai seOFDMA uye SpatialReuse, Wi Fi 6 inogonesa vashandisi vakawanda kutumira nenzira yakafanana mukati menguva yega yega, kubvisa kudiwa kwekuita mutsara nekumirira, kuderedza makwikwi, kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka, uye kuderedza kunonoka.Kubva pa30ms yeWi Fi 5 kusvika 20ms, ine avhareji latency kuderedzwa kwe33%.
Kuderera kwesimba rekushandisa: TWT, imwe tekinoroji nyowani muWi Fi 6, inobvumira AP kutaurirana kutaurirana nematerminals, kuderedza nguva inodiwa kuchengetedza kutapurirana uye kutsvaga zviratidzo.Izvi zvinoreva kuderedza kushandiswa kwebhatiri uye kuvandudza hupenyu hwebhatiri, zvichikonzera kudzikiswa kwe30% mumagetsi ekupedzisira.

Kubva 2012 |Ipa akagadzirirwa maindasitiri makomputa kune vatengi vepasirese!