802.11a/b/g/n/ac Kugadzira uye Kusiyanisa
Kubva pakatanga kuburitswa Wi Fi kune vatengi muna 1997, Wi Fi standard yagara ichichinja, ichiwanzowedzera kumhanya uye kuwedzera kufukidzwa kwayo. Sezvo mabasa akawedzerwa kune yekutanga IEEE 802.11 standard, yakagadziriswazve kuburikidza nekuchinja kwayo (802.11b, 802.11g, nezvimwewo)
802.11b 2.4GHz
802.11b inoshandisa frequency yakafanana ye2.4 GHz neyakajairwa yepakutanga ye802.11. Inotsigira kumhanya kwakanyanya kwe11 Mbps uye nhanho inosvika 3.5 tsoka. Zvikamu zve802.11b zvakachipa, asi chiyero ichi chine kumhanya kwakanyanya uye kunononoka pakati pemazinga ese e802.11. Uye nekuda kwe802.11b inoshanda pa2.4 GHz, midziyo yemumba kana mamwe ma network e2.4 GHz Wi Fi anogona kukonzera kukanganiswa.
802.11a 5GHz OFDM
Shanduro yakagadziridzwa "a" yemuyero uyu inoburitswa panguva imwe chete ne802.11b. Inounzira tekinoroji yakaoma inonzi OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) yekugadzira masaini asina waya. 802.11a inopa mamwe mabhenefiti anopfuura 802.11b: inoshanda mubhendi re5 GHz frequency risinganyanyi kuzara uye nekudaro hainyanyi kukanganiswa. Uye bandwidth yayo yakakwira kupfuura 802.11b, ine 54 Mbps yedzidziso.
Ungave usina kumbosangana nemidziyo yakawanda ye802.11a kana marouter. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti michina ye802.11b yakachipa uye iri kuramba ichifarirwa mumusika wevatengi. 802.11a inonyanya kushandiswa kumapurogiramu ebhizinesi.
802.11g 2.4GHz OFDM
Iyo 802.11g standard inoshandisa tekinoroji imwechete yeOFDM se802.11a. Kufanana ne802.11a, inotsigira chiyero chepamusoro che54 Mbps. Zvisinei, kufanana ne802.11b, inoshanda muma frequency e2.4 GHz akawandisa (uye nekudaro ine matambudziko akafanana ne802.11b). 802.11g inoenderana nemidziyo ye802.11b kumashure: michina ye802.11b inogona kubatana nenzvimbo dzekupinda dze802.11g (asi pa802.11b speed).
Ne802.11g, vatengi vakafambira mberi zvakanyanya mukumhanya kweWiFi uye kufukidzwa kwayo. Panguva iyi, zvichienzaniswa nezvizvarwa zvekare zvezvigadzirwa, ma "routers" e "wireless" ari kuramba achivandudzwa, aine simba rakawanda uye kufukidzwa kuri nani.
802.11n (Wi Fi 4) 2.4/5GHz MIMO
Nekushandisa 802.11n standard, WiFi yave nekukurumidza uye yakavimbika. Inotsigira huwandu hwe300 Mbps (kusvika 450 Mbps kana uchishandisa maantenna matatu). 802.11n inoshandisa MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output), uko ma transmitter/receiver akawanda anoshanda panguva imwe chete pamagumo ese e link. Izvi zvinogona kuwedzera data zvakanyanya pasina kuda bandwidth yakakwira kana simba re transmission. 802.11n inogona kushanda muma frequency bands e2.4 GHz ne5 GHz.
802.11ac (Wi Fi 5) 5GHz MU-MIMO
802.11ac inowedzera WiFi, nekumhanya kunotangira pa433 Mbps kusvika kumagigabits akati wandei pasekondi. Kuti ibudirire, 802.11ac inoshanda chete mubhendi re5 GHz frequency, inotsigira kusvika kuma spatial streams masere (zvichienzaniswa nema streams mana e802.11n), inowedzera hupamhi hwechiteshi kusvika pa80 MHz kaviri, uye inoshandisa tekinoroji inonzi beamforming. Ne beamforming, ma antenna anogona kutumira masaini eredhiyo, saka anonongedzera zvakananga kumidziyo chaiyo.
Imwe kufambira mberi kwakakosha kwe802.11ac ndeyeMulti User (MU-MIMO). Kunyangwe MIMO ichitungamira mastreams akawanda kune mutengi mumwe chete, MU-MIMO inogona kutungamira mastreams enzvimbo kune vatengi vakawanda panguva imwe chete. Kunyangwe MU-MIMO isingawedzere kumhanya kwemutengi wega wega, inogona kuvandudza data rese re network yese.
Sezvauri kuona, mashandiro eWiFi ari kuramba achichinja, nekumhanya kunogona kuitika uye mashandiro ari kusvika pakumhanya kwewaya.
802.11ax WiFi 6
Muna 2018, WiFi Alliance yakatora matanho ekuita kuti mazita eWiFi ave nyore kuziva nekunzwisisa. Vachachinja standard ye802.11ax iri kuuya kuita WiFi6.
Wi Fi 6, 6 iripi?
Zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushanda kweWi Fi zvinosanganisira kureba kwekutumira, mwero wekutumira, kugona kwenetwork, uye hupenyu hwebhatiri. Nekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji nenguva, zvinodiwa nevanhu zvekumhanya uye bandwidth zviri kuramba zvichikwira.
Kune matambudziko akawanda aripo pakubatanidza WiFi yechinyakare, akadai sekuzara kwenetwork, kuvharwa kushoma, uye kudiwa kwekuchinja maSSID nguva dzose.
Asi Wi Fi 6 ichaunza shanduko itsva: inovandudza mashandisirwo emagetsi uye kugona kwemidziyo kufukidza, inotsigira kushandiswa kwemagetsi akawanda nekukurumidza, uye inogona kuratidza mashandiro ari nani mumamiriro ezvinhu anonyanya kushandiswa nevashandisi, ukuwo ichiunzawo daro refu rekutumira uye mwero wekutumira wakakwira.
Zvichienzaniswa nedzakatangira, mukana weWi Fi 6 "wakakwirira kaviri uye wakaderera kaviri":
Kumhanya kwakanyanya: Nekuda kwekuunzwa kwetekinoroji dzakadai se uplink MU-MIMO, 1024QAM modulation, uye 8 * 8MIMO, kumhanya kwakanyanya kweWi Fi 6 kunogona kusvika 9.6Gbps, izvo zvinonzi zvakafanana nekumhanya kwestroke.
Kusvika pakakwirira: Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha pakuvandudza Wi Fi 6 ndechekuderedza kuzara kwenhare uye kubvumira michina yakawanda kubatana nenetwork. Parizvino, Wi Fi 5 inogona kutaurirana nemidziyo mina panguva imwe chete, nepo Wi Fi 6 ichibvumira kutaurirana nemidziyo inosvika gumi nembiri panguva imwe chete. Wi Fi 6 inoshandisawo OFDMA (Orthogonal frequency-division multiple access) uye matekinoroji ekugadzira masaini akawanda anobva ku5G kuti avandudze kushanda kweSpectral uye kugona kwenetwork zvakateerana.
Kunonoka kwakaderera: Nekushandisa matekinoroji akadai seOFDMA neSpatialReuse, Wi Fi 6 inobvumira vashandisi vakawanda kutumira mashoko panguva imwe chete mukati menguva imwe neimwe, zvichibvisa kudiwa kwekugara mumutsara nekumirira, zvichideredza makwikwi, zvichivandudza mashandiro, uye zvichideredza kunonoka. Kubva pa30ms yeWi Fi 5 kusvika ku20ms, neavhareji yekudzikira kwekupedzisira kwe33%.
Kushandiswa kwesimba shoma: TWT, imwe tekinoroji itsva muWi Fi 6, inobvumira AP kutaurirana nematerminals, zvichideredza nguva inodiwa kuchengetedza kutumira uye kutsvaga masaini. Izvi zvinoreva kuderedza kushandiswa kwebhatiri uye kuvandudza hupenyu hwebhatiri, zvichikonzera kudzikiswa kwe30% kwesimba reterminal.
Kubva 2012 | Ipai makombiyuta eindasitiri akagadzirirwa vatengi vepasi rose!
Nguva yekutumira: Chikunguru-12-2023
